How the calculation works on Rs 4,00,000 / month
Rs 4,00,000 a month is a salary only a small slice of earners reach. That's Rs 48,00,000 a year, in the 29% bracket, with the table's top rate of 35% still further up. After the Rs 5,41,000 fixed amount plus 29% on the income above Rs 41,00,000, your tax comes to Rs 7,44,000 a year, or roughly Rs 62,000 a month. In FY 2025-26 the same salary paid Rs 8,61,000, so you're Rs 1,17,000 a year better off. Your effective rate is 15.5%, with a marginal rate of 29%.
That works out to roughly Rs 62,000 a month deducted from your gross, leaving you with Rs 3,38,000 take-home.
What changes if you're not salaried?
Both ordinary regimes are heavy here, but the non-salaried table is heavier: Rs 12,90,000 on the same Rs 48,00,000, against Rs 7,44,000 on salary, with the next rupee taxed at 40%. The one route that goes the other way is registered IT export income, taxed at 0.25% of foreign-currency proceeds, which would come to Rs 12,000.